technologies/cookies

20220528_rev01 · COMPARED WITH 20210421_rev01 · ARCHIVE SNAPSHOT, DATE APPROXIMATE

Full text changes — 20210421_rev01 to 20220528_rev01

11## How Google uses cookies
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3A cookie is a small piece of text sent to your browser by a website you visit. It helps the site remember information about your visit, which can make it easier to visit the site again and make the site more useful to you.
3This page describes the types of cookies and other technologies used by Google. It also explains how Google and our partners [use cookies in advertising](https://policies.google.com/technologies/ads).
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5For example, we use cookies to remember your preferred language, to make the ads you see more relevant to you, to count how many visitors we receive to a page, to help you sign up for our services, to protect your data, and to remember your [ad settings](https://adssettings.google.com/).
5Cookies are small pieces of text sent to your browser by a website you visit. They help that website remember information about your visit, which can both make it easier to visit the site again and make the site more useful to you. Other technologies, including unique identifiers used to identify a browser, app or device, pixels, and local storage, can also be used for these purposes. Cookies and other technologies as described throughout this page can be used for the purposes described below.
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7This page describes the types of cookies used by Google. It also explains how Google and our partners [use cookies in advertising](https://policies.google.com/technologies/ads). See the [Privacy Policy](https://policies.google.com/privacy) to learn how we protect your privacy in our use of cookies and other information.
7See the [Privacy Policy](https://policies.google.com/privacy) to learn how we protect your privacy in our use of cookies and other information.
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9## Types of cookies used by Google
9## Types of cookies and other technologies used by Google
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11Some or all of the cookies described below may be stored in your browser. To manage how cookies are used, you can refuse the use of certain cookies through your Google personalization settings anytime by visiting [g.co/privacytools](https://g.co/privacytools). You can also [manage cookies in your browser](https://policies.google.com/technologies/cookies) (though browsers for mobile devices may not offer this visibility). For example, if you use Google Chrome as your browser, you can visit chrome://settings/cookies.
11Some or all of the cookies or other technologies described below may be stored in your browser, app, or device. To manage how cookies are used, including rejecting the use of certain cookies, you can visit [g.co/privacytools](https://g.co/privacytools). You can also [manage cookies in your browser](https://policies.google.com/technologies/cookies) (though browsers for mobile devices may not offer this visibility). Other technologies used to identify apps and devices may be managed in your device settings or in an app's settings.
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1313### Functionality
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15Cookies used for functionality allow users to interact with a service or site to access features that are fundamental to that service. Things considered fundamental to the service include preferences like the user's choice of language, product optimizations that help maintain and improve a service, and maintaining information relating to a user's session, such as the content of a shopping cart.
15Cookies and other technologies used for functionality allow you to access features that are fundamental to a service. Things considered fundamental to a service include preferences, like your choice of language, information relating to your session, such as the content of a shopping cart, and product optimizations that help maintain and improve that service.
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17Some cookies are used to maintain a user's preferences. For example, most people who use Google services have a cookie called 'NID' in their browsers. This cookie contains a unique ID used to remember your preferences and other information such as your preferred language, how many search results you prefer to have shown on a results page (for example, 10 or 20), and whether you want to have Google's SafeSearch filter turned on. Each NID cookie expires 6 months from a user's last use. A cookie called 'VISITOR\_INFO1\_LIVE' serves a similar purpose for YouTube and is also used to detect and resolve problems with the service.
17Some cookies and other technologies are used to maintain your preferences. For example, most people who use Google services have a cookie called 'NID' or 'ENID' in their browsers, depending on their cookies choices. These cookies are used to remember your preferences and other information, such as your preferred language, how many results you prefer to have shown on a search results page (for example, 10 or 20), and whether you want to have Google's SafeSearch filter turned on. Each 'NID' cookie expires 6 months from a user's last use, while the 'ENID' cookie lasts for 13 months. Cookies called 'VISITOR\_INFO1\_LIVE' and 'YEC' serve a similar purpose for YouTube and are also used to detect and resolve problems with the service. These cookies last for 6 months and for 13 months, respectively.
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19YouTube uses the 'PREF' cookie to store information such as a user's preferred page configuration and playback preferences like autoplay, shuffle content, and player size. For YouTube Music, these preferences include volume, repeat mode, and autoplay. This cookie expires 8 months from a user's last use.
19Other cookies and technologies are used to maintain and enhance your experience during a specific session. For example, YouTube uses the 'PREF' cookie to store information such as your preferred page configuration and playback preferences like explicit autoplay choices, shuffle content, and player size. For YouTube Music, these preferences include volume, repeat mode, and autoplay. This cookie expires 8 months from a user's last use. The cookie 'pm\_sess' also helps maintain your browser session and lasts for 30 minutes.
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21Some cookies are used to maintain and enhance a user's experience during a specific browsing session. For example 'YSC' is used by YouTube to remember user input and associate a user's actions. This cookie lasts for as long as the user keeps their browser open. The cookie 'pm\_sess' also helps maintain a user's browser session and lasts for 30 minutes.
21Cookies and other technologies may also be used to improve the performance of Google services. For example, the 'CGIC' cookie improves the delivery of search results by autocompleting search queries based on a user's initial input. This cookie lasts for 6 months.
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23Some cookies improve the performance of Google services. For example, 'CGIC' improves the delivery of search results by autocompleting search queries based on a user's initial input. This cookie lasts for 6 months.
23Google uses the 'CONSENT' cookie, which lasts for 2 years, to store a user's state regarding their cookies choices. Another cookie, 'SOCS', lasts for 13 months and is also used to store a user's state regarding their cookies choices.
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2525### Security
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27Cookies used for security authenticate users, prevent fraud, and protect users as they interact with a service.
27Cookies and other technologies used for security help to authenticate users, prevent fraud, and protect you as you interact with a service.
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29Some cookies are used to authenticate users, helping ensure that only the actual owner of an account can access that account. For example, cookies called 'SID' and 'HSID' contain digitally signed and encrypted records of a user's Google Account ID and most recent sign-in time. The combination of these cookies allows us to block many types of attack, such as attempts to steal the content of forms submitted in Google services.
29The cookies and other technologies used to authenticate users help ensure that only the actual owner of an account can access that account. For example, cookies called 'SID' and 'HSID' contain digitally signed and encrypted records of a user's Google Account ID and most recent sign-in time. The combination of these cookies allows Google to block many types of attack, such as attempts to steal the content of forms submitted in Google services.
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31Some cookies are used to prevent spam, fraud, and abuse. For example, the 'pm\_sess' and 'YSC' cookies ensure that requests within a browsing session are made by the user and not by other sites. Both cookies prevent malicious sites acting without a user's knowledge and as if they were that user.
31Some cookies and other technologies are used to prevent spam, fraud, and abuse. For example, the 'pm\_sess', 'YSC', and 'AEC' cookies ensure that requests within a browsing session are made by the user, and not by other sites. These cookies prevent malicious sites from acting on behalf of a user without that user's knowledge. The 'pm\_sess' cookie lasts for 30 minutes, while the 'AEC' cookie lasts for 6 months. The 'YSC' cookie lasts for the duration of a user's browsing session.
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3333### Analytics
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35Cookies used for analytics help collect data that allows services to understand how users interact with a particular service. These insights allow services both to improve content and to build better features that improve the user's experience.
35Cookies and other technologies used for analytics help collect data that allows services to understand how you interact with a particular service. These insights allow services to both improve content and build better features that enhance your experience.
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37Some cookies help sites understand how their visitors engage with their properties. For example, [Google Analytics](https://analytics.google.com/analytics/academy/), a Google product that helps site and app owners understand how people engage with a service, uses a set of cookies to collect information and report site usage statistics without personally identifying individual visitors to Google. '\_ga' is the main cookie used by Google Analytics. '\_ga' enables a service to distinguish one user from another and lasts for 2 years. It's used by any site that implements Google Analytics, including Google services.
37Some cookies and other technologies help sites and apps understand how their visitors engage with their services. For example, [Google Analytics](https://analytics.google.com/analytics/academy/) uses a set of cookies to collect information and report site usage statistics without personally identifying individual visitors to Google. '\_ga', the main cookie used by Google Analytics, enables a service to distinguish one visitor from another and lasts for 2 years. Any site that implements Google Analytics, including Google services, uses the '\_ga' cookie. Each '\_ga' cookie is unique to the specific property, so it cannot be used to track a given user or browser across unrelated websites.
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39Google services also use analytics cookies like these, as well as others like 'NID' on Google Search and 'VISITOR\_INFO1\_LIVE' on YouTube.
39Google services also use 'NID' and 'ENID' cookies on Google Search, and 'VISITOR\_INFO1\_LIVE' and 'YEC' cookies on YouTube, for analytics.
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4141### Advertising
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43Google uses cookies for advertising, including serving and rendering ads, personalizing ads (depending on your ad settings at [g.co/adsettings](https://g.co/adsettings)), limiting the number of times an ad is shown to a user, muting ads you have chosen to stop seeing, and measuring the effectiveness of ads.
43Google uses cookies and other technologies for advertising, including serving and rendering ads, personalizing ads (depending on your settings at [g.co/adsettings](https://g.co/adsettings) or your app and device level settings), limiting the number of times an ad is shown to a user, muting ads you have chosen to stop seeing, and measuring the effectiveness of ads.
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45- 'NID' is used for these purposes to show Google ads in Google services for signed-out users
46- 'IDE' and 'ANID' are used for these purposes to show Google ads on non-Google sites
45The 'NID' cookie is used to show Google ads in Google services for signed-out users, while the 'ANID' and 'IDE' cookies are used to show Google ads on non-Google sites. If you have personalized ads enabled, the 'ANID' cookie is used to remember this setting and lasts for 13 months in the European Economic Area (EEA), Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (UK), and 24 months everywhere else. If you have turned off personalized ads, the 'ANID' cookie is used to store that setting until 2030. The 'NID' cookie expires 6 months after a user's last use. The 'IDE' cookie lasts for 13 months in the European Economic Area (EEA), Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (UK), and 24 months everywhere else.
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48Other Google services like YouTube may also use these cookies and cookies like 'VISITOR\_INFO1\_LIVE' to show more relevant ads.
47Depending on your ad settings, other Google services like YouTube may also use these and other cookies and technologies, like the 'VISITOR\_INFO1\_LIVE' cookie, for advertising.
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50If you have personalized ads enabled, 'ANID' is used to remember this setting and lasts for 13 months in the European Economic Area (EEA), Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (UK), and 24 months everywhere else. If you have disabled personalized ads, 'ANID' is used to store that setting until 2030. 'NID' expires 6 months from a user's last use. 'IDE' lasts for 13 months in the EEA, Switzerland, and the UK and 24 months everywhere else.
49Some cookies and other technologies used for advertising are for users who sign in to use Google services. For example, the 'DSID' cookie is used to identify a signed-in user on non-Google sites and to remember whether the user has agreed to ad personalization. It lasts for 2 weeks.
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52Some cookies used for advertising are for users who sign in to use Google services. For example, 'DSID' is used to identify a signed-in user on non-Google sites and to remember whether the user has agreed to ad personalization. It lasts for 2 weeks.
51Through Google's advertising platform, businesses can advertise in Google services as well as on non-Google sites. Some cookies support Google showing ads on third-party sites and are set in the domain of the website you visit. For example, the '\_gads' cookie enables sites to show Google ads. Cookies that start with '\_gac\_' come from Google Analytics and are used by advertisers to measure user activity and the performance of their ad campaigns. The '\_gads' cookies last for 13 months and the '\_gac\_' cookies last for 90 days.
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54Through Google's advertising platform, businesses can advertise in Google services as well as on non-Google sites that partner with Google.
53Some cookies and other technologies are used to measure ad and campaign performance and conversion rates for Google ads on a site you visit. For example, cookies that start with '\_gcl\_' are primarily used to help advertisers determine how many times users who click on their ads end up taking an action on their site, such as making a purchase. Cookies used for measuring conversion rates are not used to personalize ads. '\_gcl\_' cookies last for 90 days.
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56Some cookies support Google showing ads on third-party sites, and are set in the domain of the website you visit. For example, '\_gads' enables sites to show Google ads, including personalized ads. Cookies that start with '\_gac\_' come from Google Analytics and are used by advertisers to measure user activity and the performance of their ad campaigns. The '\_gads' cookie lasts for 13 months and the '\_gac\_' cookies last for 90 days.
55See more information about cookies used for advertising [here](https://business.safety.google/adscookies/).
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58Some cookies are used to measure ad and campaign performance and conversion rates for Google ads on a site you visit. For example, cookies that start with '\_gcl\_' come from Google Analytics and are primarily used to help advertisers determine how many times users who click on their ads end up taking an action on their site, such as making a purchase. Cookies used for measuring conversion rates aren't used to personalize ads. '\_gcl\_' cookies last for 90 days.
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6057### Personalization
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62Cookies used for personalization enhance the user's experience by providing personalized content and features.
59Cookies and other technologies used for personalization enhance your experience by providing personalized content and features, depending on your settings at [g.co/privacytools](https://g.co/privacytools) or your app and device settings.
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64Depending on your settings at [g.co/privacytools](https://g.co/privacytools), some cookies enable better recommendations within a service. For example, 'VISITOR\_INFO1\_LIVE' enables personalized recommendations on YouTube based on past views and searches. And 'NID' enables personalized autocomplete features in Search as users type search terms. These cookies expire 6 months after a user's last use.
61Personalized content and features include things like more relevant results and recommendations, a customized YouTube homepage, and ads that are tailored to your interests. For example, the 'VISITOR\_INFO1\_LIVE' cookie may enable personalized recommendations on YouTube based on past views and searches. And the 'NID' cookie enables personalized autocomplete features in Search as you type search terms. These cookies expire 6 months after a user's last use. Another personalization cookie, 'UULE', sends precise location information from your browser to Google's servers so that Google can show you results that are relevant to your location. The use of this cookie depends on your browser settings and whether you have chosen to have location turned on for your browser. The 'UULE' cookie lasts up to 6 hours.
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63Non-personalized content and features are distinct from personalized content and features insofar as they are influenced by things like the content you're currently viewing, your current Google search, and your general location.